There are 3 ways to pronounce the -ed ending.
/Id/, /t/ or /d/
If the base verb ends in the unvoiced sound of t or d we pronouce it /Id/ sound
If the base verb ends in the voiced sound of p, f, s, sh, th, ch or k then we pronounce it with a /t/ sound
All other sounds, for example pay, follow, nag we pronounce with the /d/ sound
A voiced sound is a sound that vibrates as you say it. If you place your fingers in the front of your neck try the f sound -fff - can you feel the vibration?
An unvoiced sound does not vibrate. Try the "z" sound. There is no vibration.
Here are some examples:
Id /t/ or /d/ (unvoiced) |
/t/
voiced sound
|
/d/
all other sounds
|
neglected | helped | covered |
needed | kicked | received |
shouted | wipped | moved |
rested | dropped | shivered |
http://speakspeak.com/resources/pronunciation/pronunciation-of-ed-endings-of-regular-verbs - has audio
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